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The term hypertensive emergency is primarily used as a specific term for a hypertensive crisis with a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 120 mmHg or systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 180 mmHg.
A hypertensive urgency is a clinical situation in which blood pressure is very high (e.g., 220/125 mmHg) with minimal or no symptoms, and no signs or symptoms indicating acute organ damage. [1] [2] This contrasts with a hypertensive emergency where severely high blood pressure is accompanied by evidence of progressive organ or system damage.
Symptoms & treatment. A "hypertensive emergency" is diagnosed when there is evidence of direct damage to one or more organs as a result of severely elevated blood pressure greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic. [5] This may include hypertensive encephalopathy, caused by brain swelling and dysfunction, and characterized by ...
In hypertensive urgency, there is no evidence of end organ damage resulting from the elevated blood pressure. In these cases, oral medications are used to lower the BP gradually over 24 to 48 hours. In hypertensive emergency, there is evidence of direct damage to one or more organs.
Hypertensive encephalopathy is caused by an increase in blood pressure. Several conditions may evoke blood pressure elevation: acute nephritis , eclampsia , crises in chronic essential hypertension , sudden withdrawal of antihypertensive treatment.
Hypertensive Important definitions. Hypertensive Crisis - blood pressure >180/120 mm Hg with or without signs of end organ damage; Hypertensive Urgency - blood pressure >180/120 mm Hg without signs of end organ damage; Hypertensive Emergency - blood pressure >180/120 mm Hg with signs of end organ damage; Presentation. Source:
According to ICD-10, hypertensive heart disease (I11), and its subcategories: hypertensive heart disease with heart failure (I11.0) and hypertensive heart disease without heart failure (I11.9) are distinguished from chronic rheumatic heart diseases (I05-I09), other forms of heart disease (I30-I52) and ischemic heart diseases (I20-I25).
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [1] [2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [3] [4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [3]
Hypertensive retinopathy is commonly considered a diagnostic feature of a hypertensive emergency although it is not invariably present. Pathophysiology. The changes in hypertensive retinopathy result from damage and adaptive changes in the arterial and arteriolar circulation in response to the high blood pressure. Diagnosis
Prehypertension, also known as high normal blood pressure and borderline hypertensive ( BH ), [1] is a medical classification for cases where a person's blood pressure is elevated above optimal or normal, but not to the level considered hypertension (high blood pressure). Prehypertension is now referred to as "elevated blood pressure" by the ...