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  2. Police code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_code

    A police code is a brevity code, usually numerical or alphanumerical, used to transmit information between law enforcement over police radio systems in the United States. Examples of police codes include "10 codes" (such as 10-4 for "okay" or "acknowledged"—sometimes written X4 or X-4), signals, incident codes, response codes, or other status ...

  3. Blue wall of silence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_wall_of_silence

    The blue wall of silence, also blue code and blue shield, are terms used to denote the informal code of silence among police officers in the United States not to report on a colleague's errors, misconducts, or crimes, especially as related to police brutality in the United States.

  4. Ten-code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten-code

    Ten-codes, officially known as ten signals, are brevity codes used to represent common phrases in voice communication, particularly by law enforcement and in citizens band (CB) radio transmissions. The police version of ten-codes is officially known as the APCO Project 14 Aural Brevity Code.

  5. Aerial roof markings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_roof_markings

    These markings show the use of the vehicle, its force code and a vehicle identifying mark or the police division to which the vehicle belongs. Not every vehicle displays markings, but those involved in response and traffic generally do.

  6. Stop and identify statutes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_and_identify_statutes

    Some courts have recognized a distinction authorizing police to demand identifying information and specifically imposing an obligation of a suspect to respond. Other courts have apparently interpreted demand to impose an obligation on the detainee to comply.

  7. Miranda warning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_warning

    The six rules. The Miranda rule applies to the use of testimonial evidence in criminal proceedings that is the product of custodial police interrogation. The Miranda right to counsel and right to remain silent are derived from the self-incrimination clause of the Fifth Amendment.

  8. APCO radiotelephony spelling alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APCO_radiotelephony...

    In 1974, APCO adopted the ICAO Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet, making the APCO alphabet officially obsolete; however, it is still widely used, and relatively few police departments in the U.S. use the ICAO alphabet.

  9. Collar number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collar_number

    A collar number, also known as a shoulder number, force identification number (FIN) or occasionally as force number (although this can also refer to the ID number of a force itself), identifies police officers, police community support officers (PCSO), special constables (SC or SPC) and some police staff in UK police forces – other law ...

  10. Police power (United States constitutional law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_power_(United...

    In United States constitutional law, the police power is the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants.

  11. IC codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_codes

    IC codes (identity code) or 6+1 codes are codes used by the British police in radio communications and crime recording systems to describe the apparent ethnicity of a suspect or victim. Originating in the late 1970s, the codes are based on a police officer's visual assessment of an individual's ethnicity, as opposed to that individual's self ...