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The most popular erasure codes are Reed-Solomon coding, Low-density parity-check code (LDPC codes), and Turbo codes. [ 1 ] As of 2023, modern data storage systems can be designed to tolerate the complete failure of a few disks without data loss, using one of 3 approaches: [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Code word, an element of a codebook designed so that the meaning of the code word is opaque without the code book Code name , a clandestine name or cryptonym used to identify sensitive information password , passcode, codeword, countersign; a word that is a special code for access, to pass a challenge of a sentry
Simple remote control systems use a fixed code word; the code word that opens the gate today will also open the gate tomorrow. An attacker with an appropriate receiver could discover the code word and use it to gain access sometime later. More sophisticated remote control systems use a rolling code (or hopping code) that changes for every use.
Linear block codes have the property of linearity, i.e. the sum of any two codewords is also a code word, and they are applied to the source bits in blocks, hence the name linear block codes. There are block codes that are not linear, but it is difficult to prove that a code is a good one without this property.
Two modulo-9 LCGs show how different parameters lead to different cycle lengths. Each row shows the state evolving until it repeats. The top row shows a generator with m = 9, a = 2, c = 0, and a seed of 1, which produces a cycle of length 6.
A comma-free code is block code in which no concatenation of two code words contains a valid code word that overlaps both. [1] Comma-free codes are also known as self-synchronizing block codes [2] because no synchronization is required to find the beginning of a code word.
The United Nations uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, for international vehicle registration codes, which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currently indeterminately reserved in ISO 3166-1.
This is a glossary of words related to the Mafia, primarily the Italian American Mafia and Sicilian Mafia. administration: the top-level "management" of an organized crime family -- the boss, underboss and consigliere. [1] associate: one who works with mobsters, but has not been asked to take the vow of Omertà; an almost confirmed, or made guy ...